Sources of Indian Constitution
Indian Constitution has borrowed some of its provisions from the following sources:
Government of India Act, 1935
1. Federal scheme
2. Declaration of emergency powers
3. Ordinance defining the power of the President and Governors
4. Office of the Governor
5. Power of federal judiciary
6. Administration at the centre and state level
United Kingdom
1. Parliamentary government
2. The nominal head of the state (The President)
3. Post of Prime Minister
4. More powerful lower house (Lok Sabha)
5. Concept of single citizenship
6. Legislative procedure
7. Bicameral legislature
8. Rule of Law – The Rule of Law (Article 14) is the political philosophy that all citizens and institutions within a country, state, or community are accountable to the same laws.
9. Cabinet system
10. The legislative speaker and their role
11. Prerogative writ (Articles 32 and 226)
12. Parliamentary privilege
United States
1. Fundamental Rights (Articles 12 to 35)
2. Written Constitution
3. The Preamble to the Constitution
4. The federal structure of government
5. Impeachment of the President (Article 61)
6. Post of the Vice President and his functions
7. The institution of the Supreme Court
8. Removal of Supreme Court and High courts judges
9. Electoral College
10. Independent judiciary and separation of powers
11. Judicial review
12. President as commander-in-chief of the armed forces
13. Equal protection under the law (Article 14).
Ireland
1. Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV)
2. Nomination of members to the Rajya Sabha by the President
3. Method of election of the President
Australia
1. Freedom of trade between states
2. National legislative power to implement treaties, even on matters outside normal federal jurisdiction
3. Concurrent List
4. Provision of Joint Session of the Parliament
5. Preamble terminology
France
1. Ideals of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity in the Preamble
2. The ideals of Republic in the Preamble
Canada
1. Quasi-federal government – a federal system with a strong central government
2. Distribution of powers between the central and state governments
3. Residual powers, retained by the central government
4. Appointment of Governor of states by Centre
5. Advisory Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
Soviet Union
1. Fundamental Duties (Article 51A)
2. Mandated planning commission to oversee economic development
3. Ideals of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble
Weimar Republic (Germany)
1. Suspension of Fundamental Rights during emergency
South Africa
1. Amendment procedure of the Constitution
2. Election of the member of Rajya Sabha
Japan
1. Laws on which Supreme Court functions
2. Procedure established by Law
Important Indian Polity Questions
